Detailed Course Information

An Introduction to Matter and Measurement

• An Introduction to Chemistry and the Scientific Method
• An Introduction to Chemistry
• The Scientific Method
• Properties of Matter
• States of Matter
• A Word About Laboratory Safety
• CIA Demonstration: Differences in Density Due to Temperature
• Properties of Matter
• Scientific Measurement
• The Measurement of Matter
• Precision and Accuracy
• CIA Demonstration: Precision and Accuracy with Glassware
• Significant Figures
• Dimensional Analysis
• Mathematics of Chemistry
• Scientific (Exponential) Notation
• Common Mathematical Functions

• Early Atomic Theory
• Early Discoveries and the Atom
• Understanding Electrons
• Understanding the Nucleus
• Atomic Structure
• Mass Spectrometry: Determining Atomic Masses
• Examining Atomic Structure
• CIA Demonstration: Flame Colors
• The Periodic Table
• Creating the Periodic Table
• Chemical Nomenclature
• Describing Chemical Formulas
• Naming Chemical Compounds
• Organic Nomenclature

• Chemical Equations
• An Introduction to Chemical Reactions and Equations
• CIA Demonstration: Magnesium and Dry Ice
• Balancing Chemical Equations
• The Mole
• The Mole and Avogadro's Number
• Introducing Conversions of Masses, Moles, and Number of Particles
• Solving Problems Involving Mass/Mole Relationships
• Finding Empirical and Molecular Formulas
• Stoichiometry and Chemical Equations
• Finding Limiting Reagents
• CIA Demonstration: Self-Inflating Hydrogen Balloons
• Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield
• A Problem Using the Combined Concepts of Stoichiometry

• An Introduction to Solutions
• Properties of Solutions
• CIA Demonstration: The Electric Pickle
• Concentrations of Solutions
• Factors Determining Solubility
• Reactions Involving Solutions
• Precipitation Reactions
• Acid-Base Reactions
• Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
• Stoichiometry Problems in Solutions
• Acid-Base Titrations
• Solving Titration Problems
• Gravimetric Analysis

• Gases and Gas Laws
• Properties of Gases
• Boyle's Law
• Charles's Law
• The Combined Gas Law
• Avogadro's Law
• CIA Demonstration: The Potato Cannon
• The Ideal Gas Law and Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases
• The Ideal Gas Law
• Partial Pressure and Dalton's Law
• Applications of the Gas Laws
• The Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases
• CIA Demonstration: The Ammonia Fountain
• Molecular Motion of Gases
• Molecular Speeds
• Effusion and Diffusion
• Behavior of Real Gases
• Comparing Real and Ideal Gases

• An Introduction to Energy
• The Nature of Energy
• Energy, Calories, and Nutrition
• The First Law of Thermodynamics
• Work
• Heat
• CIA Demonstration: Cool Fire
• Enthalpy
• Heats of Reaction: Enthalpy
• CIA Demonstration: The Thermite Reaction
• Calorimetry
• Constant Pressure Calorimetry
• Bomb Calorimetry (Constant Volume)
• Hess's Law and Enthalpies of Formation
• Hess's Law
• Enthalpies of Formation

• Electromagnetic Radiation and the Idea of Quantum
• The Wave Nature of Light
• Absorption and Emission
• CIA Demonstration: Luminol
• The Ultraviolet Catastrophe
• The Photoelectric Effect
• The Bohr Model
• The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
• Quantum Mechanics
• The Wave Nature of Matter
• Radial Solutions to the Schrödinger Equation
• Angular Solutions to the Schrödinger Equation
• Atomic Orbitals
• Atomic Orbital Size
• Atomic Orbital Shapes and Quantum Numbers
• Atomic Orbital Energy

• Electron Spin and the Pauli Exclusion Principle
• Understanding Electron Spin
• Electron Shielding
• Electron familyigurations through Neon
• Electron familyigurations beyond Neon
• Periodic Relationships
• Periodicity
• Periods and Atomic Size
• Ionization Energy
• Electron Affinity
• An Introduction to Electronegativity
• Group Trends
• Hydrogen, Alkali Metals and Alkaline Earth Metals
• Transition Metals and Nonmetals

• Valence Electrons and Chemical Bonding
• Valence Electrons and Chemical Bonding
• Ionic Bonds
• CIA Demonstration: Conductivity Apparatus—Ionic versus Covalent Bonds
• Lewis Dot Structures
• Lewis Dot Structures for Covalent Bonds
• Predicting Lewis Dot Structures
• Resonance Structures and Formal Charge
• Resonance Structures
• Formal Charge
• Electronegativity, Formal Charge, and Resonance
• Bond Properties
• Bond Properties
• Using Bond Dissociation Energies

• Molecular Geometry and the VSEPR Theory
• Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion Theory
• Molecular Shapes for Steric Numbers -4
• Molecular Shapes for Steric Numbers 5 & 6
• Predicting Molecular Characteristics Using VSEPR Theory
• Valence Bond Theory and Molecular Orbital Theory
• Valence Bond Theory
• An Introduction to Hybrid Orbitals
• Pi Bonds
• Molecular Orbital Theory
• Applications of the Molecular Orbital Theory
• Beyond Homonuclear Diatomics
• CIA Demonstration: The Paramagnetism of Oxygen

• Looking In-Depth at Redox Reactions
• Oxidation Numbers
• Balancing Redox Reactions by the Oxidation Number Method
• Balancing Redox Reactions Using the Half-Reaction Method
• The Activity Series of the Elements
• CIA Demonstration: The Reaction between Al and Br

• Intermolecular Forces
• An Introduction to Intermolecular Forces and States of Matter
• Intermolecular Forces
• Physical Properties of Liquids
• Properties of Liquids
• CIA Demonstration: Boiling Water at Reduced Pressure
• Vapor Pressure and Boiling Point
• Molecular Structure and Boiling Point
• Phase Diagrams
• CIA Demonstration: Boiling Water in a Paper Cup
• Solid State: Structure and Bonding
• Types of Solids
• CIA Demonstration: The Conductivity of Molten Salts
• Crystal Structure
• Calculating Atomic Mass and Radius from a Unit Cell
• Crystal Packing
• Ceramics

• Characterizing Solutions
• Types of Solutions
• Molarity and the Mole Fraction
• Molality
• Energy and the Solution Process
• Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility
• Temperature Change and Solubility
• Extractions
• Pressure Change and Solubility
• Colligative Properties
• Vapor Pressure Lowering
• Boiling Point Elevation and Freezing Point Depression
• Boiling Point Elevation Problem
• Osmosis
• Colligative Properties of Ionic Solutions
• Colloids

• Reaction Rates
• An Introduction to Reaction Rates
• Rate Laws: How the Reaction Rate Depends on Concentration
• Determining the Form of a Rate Law
• Orders of Reaction
• First-Order Reactions
• Second-Order Reactions
• A Kinetics Problem
• Temperature and Rates
• The Collision Model
• The Arrhenius Equation
• Using the Arrhenius Equation
• Reaction Mechanisms
• Defining the Molecularity of a Reaction
• Determining the Rate Laws of Elementary Reactions
• Calculating the Rate Laws of Multistep Reactions
• Steady State Kinetics
• Catalysts
• Catalysts and Types of Catalysts
• A Word About Laboratory Safety
• CIA Demonstration: Elephant Snot
• CIA Demonstration: The Cobalt(II)-Catalyzed Reaction of Potassium Sodium Tartrate
• CIA Demonstration: The Copper-Catalyzed Decomposition of Acetone

• Principles of Chemical Equilibrium
• The Concept of Equilibrium
• The Law of Mass Action and Types of Equilibrium
• Converting Between Kc and Kp
• Using Equilibrium Constants
• Approaching Chemical Equilibrium
• Predicting the Direction of a Reaction
• Strategies for Solving Equilibrium Problems
• Solving Problems Far from Equilibrium
• An Equilibrium Problem Using the Quadratic Equation
• Shifting Chemical Equilibrium
• Le Châtelier's Principle
• The Effect of Changing Amounts on Equilibrium
• The Effect of Pressure and Volume on Equilibrium
• The Effects of Temperature and Catalysts on Equilibrium
• CIA Demonstration:
• CIA Demonstration: Shifting the Equilibrium of

• Acid-Base Concepts
• Arrhenius/Brønsted-Lowry Definitions of Acids and Bases
• Hydronium, Hydroxide, and the pH Scale
• Acid and Base Strengths
• Strong Acids and Bases
• CIA Demonstration: Natural Acid-Base Indicators
• Weak Acids
• Weak Bases
• Lewis Acids and Bases
• Trends in Acid and Base Strengths
• Polyprotic Acids
• Acid-Base Properties of Salts
• Equilibrium in Aqueous Solution
• Reactions of Acids and Bases
• Strong Acid-Strong Base and Weak Acid-Strong Base Reactions
• Strong Acid-Weak Base and Weak Acid-Weak Base Reactions
• The Common Ion Effect
• Buffers
• An Introduction to Buffers
• CIA Demonstration: Buffers in Action
• Acidic Buffers
• Basic Buffers
• The Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
• Acid-Base Titration
• Strong Acid-Strong Base Titration
• CIA Demonstration: Barium Hydroxide-Sulfuric Acid Titration
• Weak Acid-Strong Base Titration
• Polyprotic Acid-Strong Base Titration
• Weak Base-Strong Acid Titration
• Acid-Base Indicators
• Solubility Equilibria
• The Solubility Product Constant
• CIA Demonstration: Silver Chloride and Ammonia
• Solubility and the Common Ion Effect
• Fractional Precipitation
• Complex Ion Equilibria

• An Introduction to Thermodynamics
• Spontaneous Processes
• Entropy
• Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
• Entropy and Temperature
• Gibbs Free Energy and Free Energy Change
• Gibbs Free Energy
• Standard Free Energy Changes of Formation
• Using Free Energy
• Enthalpy and Entropy Contributions to K
• The Temperature Dependence of K
• Free Energy Away from Equilibrium

• Principles of Electrochemistry
• Reviewing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
• Galvanic Cells
• Electrochemical Cells
• Electromotive Force
• Standard Reduction Potentials
• Using Standard Reduction Potentials
• The Nernst Equation
• Electrochemical Determinants of Equilibria
• Batteries
• Batteries
• CIA Demonstration: The Fruit-Powered Clock
• Corrosion
• Corrosion and the Prevention of Corrosion
• Electrolysis and Electrolytic Cells
• Electrolytic Cells
• The Stoichiometry of Electrolysis

• Radioactivity
• The Nature of Radioactivity
• The Stability of Atomic Nuclei
• Binding Energy
• Rates of Disintegration
• Rates of Disintegration Reactions
• Radiochemical Dating
• Nuclear Fission and Fusion
• Nuclear Fission
• Nuclear Fusion
• Applications of Nuclear Chemistry

• An Introduction to Metals
• Metallurgical Processes
• Band Theory of Conductivity
• Intrinsic Semiconductors
• Doped Semiconductors
• Physical and Chemical Processes of Metals
• The Alkali Metals
• The Alkaline Earth Metals
• Aluminum
• CIA Demonstration: The Reaction between Al and Br

• An Introduction to Nonmetals and Hydrogen
• General Properties of Nonmetals
• Hydrogen
• Group 14: Carbon and Silicon
• General Properties of Carbon
• Silicon
• Group 15: Nitrogen and Phosphorus
• Nitrogen
• Phosphorus
• Group 16: Oxygen and Sulfur
• Oxygen
• CIA Demonstration: Creating Acid Rain
• Sulfur
• Group 17: The Halogens
• Halogens
• Aqueous Halogen Compounds
• Group 18: The Noble Gases
• Properties of Noble Gases

• Laboratory Techniques
• CIA Demonstration: Laboratory Safety
• CIA Demonstration: Chromatography
• CIA Demonstration: Distillation
• CIA Demonstration: Pipetting
• CIA Demonstration: Dilutions
• CIA Demonstration: Titrations
• CIA Demonstration: Extractions
• CIA Demonstration: Filtrations
• CIA Demonstration: Weighing on an Analytical Balance
• CIA Demonstration: Recrystallization